Julius Nyerere was a Tanzanian political leader and theorist who served as the first Prime Minister and later the President of Tanzania. Born in 1922 in Butiama, he was the son of a Zanaki chief and was educated in Uganda and Scotland. As a founding member of the Tanganyika African National Union, he campaigned for independence through non-violent methods. His political philosophy, known as Ujamaa, emphasized African socialism and national self-reliance. He is recognized as a Servant of God within the Catholic tradition.