Josef Mayr-Nusser was a 20th-century Italian Catholic layman from Bolzano who is recognized for his conscientious objection to the Nazi regime. During World War II, while serving in the SS, he refused to swear an oath of allegiance to Adolf Hitler, citing his religious convictions. This act of resistance led to his imprisonment and subsequent death in 1945 while being transported to the Dachau concentration camp. He is remembered as a martyr for his refusal to violate his faith, specifically regarding the first commandment.