Charles I was the monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1625 until his execution in 1649. Born at Dunfermline Palace in 1600 to King James VI of Scotland, he was a member of the House of Stuart. His reign was defined by intense friction with Parliament over royal prerogatives and religious policies, specifically his support for high church Anglicanism. This conflict led to the English Civil War, resulting in his defeat by the Parliamentarian forces and his subsequent trial and death.