Waltheof of Melrose was a 12th-century Cistercian monk and abbot who served at Melrose Abbey in Scotland. Born around 1095 to noble parents, he was the stepson of King David I of Scotland. Although he was once nominated to succeed the Archbishop of York in 1140, King Stephen rejected his candidacy. He later transitioned from the Augustinian order to the Cistercians, eventually leading the monastery at Melrose from 1148 until his death in 1159.