Marguerite Rutan was an 18th-century French nun belonging to the Congregation of the Mission. Born in Metz, she dedicated her life to serving the impoverished and eventually became the mother superior of a hospital in Dax. Her leadership in establishing schools and shelters for girls earned her significant local respect. However, during the French Revolution, she faced intense persecution due to her refusal to swear oaths of allegiance to the state, which led to her execution by guillotine in 1794.