Paolo Burali d'Arezzo was an Italian Theatine priest, bishop, and cardinal who lived from 1511 to 1578. Originally a successful lawyer in Naples, he earned a reputation for defending citizens' rights against Spanish rule before choosing a religious life. He joined the Theatine Order in 1557 and eventually rose to become a cardinal under Pope Pius V. Known for his legal expertise and firm character, he served as the Bishop of Piacenza and later as the Archbishop of Naples, playing a significant role in the Council of Trent and various diplomatic missions.