Rögnvald Kali Kolsson was a 12th-century Norwegian earl of Orkney and a writer. Born around 1100, likely in the Rogaland region, he was appointed to rule the Orkney and Shetland islands by King Sigurd I in 1129. He is remembered for his leadership, his role in initiating the construction of St Magnus Cathedral in Kirkwall, and his significant pilgrimage to the Holy Land. He died in Caithness in 1158 after being killed by a former associate, and he was later recognized as a saint by the Catholic Church.