Siméon-François Berneux was a 19th-century French Catholic missionary and bishop serving the Paris Foreign Missions Society. Born in Château-du-Loir in 1814, he dedicated his life to spreading the faith across Asia, including travels to Java, Manila, and Vietnam. He eventually served as the Apostolic Vicar of Korea. His missionary work in Seoul ended in 1866 when he was arrested and executed during anti-Christian purges, an event that subsequently triggered a French military campaign against the Korean nation.