Harriet Tubman was an American abolitionist and social activist born around 1822 in Maryland. After escaping enslavement, she conducted numerous missions to guide others to freedom through the Underground Railroad, earning the nickname "Moses." During the American Civil War, she served the Union Army as a nurse, scout, and spy, notably participating in a military raid that liberated hundreds. In her later years, she advocated for women's suffrage and worked to support elderly African Americans. She is remembered as a courageous figure in the fight for human rights and freedom.